CORRELATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND LOCATION OF FOCAL EPILEPSY IN RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG
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Cognitive impairment is one of the most common consequences of epilepsy and has a major impact on the patient's life. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal epilepsy and is reported to be closely associated with cognitive impairment. Patients with other focal epilepsy syndromes such as frontal, parietal, and occipital lobe epilepsy are also known to experience cognitive impairment, although studies are not as numerous as temporal lobe epilepsy. The relationship between certain epileptic foci and complications of cognitive impairment in patients is not yet certain. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between cognitive function and the location of focal epilepsy in the neurology clinic of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted at the RSMH Palembang to collect secondary data from medical records of outpatients between 1 January 2019-31 December 2019 and at the Neurology Clinic to collect primary data on patients seeking treatment between 1 July-31 August 2020. Focal epilepsy location data based on clinical syndrome, age of epilepsy onset, gender, education, frequency and duration of seizures, duration of epilepsy, type of antiepileptic drugs (AED), and duration of consuming AED were obtained through medical record and cognitive function was examined using the validated Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina). From 42 samples, 29 people (69%) had decreased cognitive function and only 13 people (31%) had normal cognitive function. The correlation analysis between cognitive function and focal epilepsy location resulted in correlation coefficient of 0.107 (weak correlation) with p value of 0.365 (not significant). Other factors such as age of onset, level of education, frequency of seizures, duration of seizures, type of treatment, duration of epilepsy and duration of taking AED were also not associated with cognitive function of patients in this study. Many factors have been reported to affect cognitive function in epileptic patients, so it is unlikely that one single factor can be sole factor causing cognitive impairment in epilepsy patients.