THE COMPARISON OF CD8+ T CELL LEVELS AND SARS-CoV-2 IgG ANTIBODY POSSIBLE POSTING THE COVID-19 BOOSTER VACCINATION IN SURVIVAL AND NON-SURVIVAL OF COVID-19
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Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 ( Severe Acite Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) is an outbreak/pandemic that appeared at the end of 2019. Efforts to deal with COVID-19 continue to be pursued, one of which is by vaccination which is believed to be an effective effort to break the chain of the spread of the virus, raise immunity in the community (herd immunity) and reduce morbidity/death rates. Vaccines will stimulate the specific immune system in the body. The cellular immune system will destroy the antigen and the humoral immune system will form a memory or immunity. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of cellular (CD8+ T cells) and humoral (SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies) immune responses after administration of the COVID-19 booster vaccine in the survival group and the non-survival group of COVID-19. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross sectional research design . A sample of 78 people was divided into two groups, namely 39 survivals and 39 non-survivals. Sampling was carried out from March to July 2022. Samples were taken 6 months after the Moderna booster vaccination (third dose). Examination of CD8+ T cells used the flow cytometry method and examination of IgG antibodies used the CLIA (S-RBD) method. Data analysis used the Independent T Test test for CD8+ T Cell levels and the Man Whitney test for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels. From the results of the study, the average CD8+ T cell level in COVID-19 survivals was 520.13 ± 189.81 Cells/µL and in non-survivals was 631.87 ± 250.01 Cell/μL. The results of the IgG levels of SARS-CoV-2 in survivals have a median value of 1000 U/mL, a minimum value of 395 U/mL and a maximum value of >1000 U/mL while non-survivals have a median value of 1000 U/mL, a minimum value of 302 U/mL and a maximum value of >1000 U/mL. The conclusion of the study was that there was a significant difference in the levels of CD8+ T cells between the survivals and non-survivals groups with a significance value of 0.032 (p<0.05). The levels of IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the two study groups had the same median value due to the maximum detection capacity of the measuring method used.