Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE TO THE INCIDENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS

Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Factors that influence diabetes mellitus are a person's characteristics (age, sex and genetics), knowledge of nutrition, stress, lifestyle, physical activity, nutritional status both obesity and central obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index and abdominal circumference on diabetes mellitus in patients at the Family Physician Clinic (KDK), Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Palembang. This research is a type of analytic observational research with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was 33 patients at the Family Physician Clinic. Body mass index was measured using a scale and measuring height, as well as abdominal circumference using a tape measure, while diabetes mellitus was found in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at KDK. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between body mass and diabetes mellitus (p value 0.085) and there was a significant relationship between abdominal circumference and diabetes mellitus in patients at the Family Clinic of the Muhammadiyah Faculty of Medicine Palembang (p value 0.014). Abdominal circumference can be one of the risks that cause diabetes mellitus.

ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF BEETROOT EXTRACT (Beta vulgaris L.) AGAINST Enterococcus Faecalis

ulfa yasmin; Sulistiawati, Hema Awalia, Fatimah Azzahra, Listia — Sat, 27 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Endodontic treatment failure can be caused by Gram-positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis. Natural ingredients such as beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.) can be used to inhibit the growth of Gram positive bacteria. Beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.) has antibacterial properties because it contains active substances of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins and alkaloids.To determine the antibacterial effect of beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.) against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria.This study was a quasi-experimental study consisting of five treatment groups, namely the beetroot extract group with concentrations of 10,000 µg/ml, 12,500 µg/ml, and 15,000 µg/ml, and 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate as positive control, and Aquadest as negative control. Test the antibacterial effect using the well-diffusion method with Mueller Hinton Agar media. The repetition of the test for each group was 3 times. The media was incubated for 24 hours at 37⁰C. After 24 hours, the diameter of the inhibition zone was calculated using a caliper in millimeters. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test.There was a significant difference between all treatment groups (p<0.05). Only beetroot extract concentration of 10,000 µg/ml did not show an inhibition zone, while concentrations of 12,500 µg/ml and 15,000 µg/ml showed an inhibition zone. The diameter of the largest inhibition zone was at a concentration of 12,500 µg/ml, which was 2.33 ± 0.06 mm, but still smaller than the positive control, namely Chlorhexidine Gluconate 2%, which was 2.33 ± 0.06 mm.Beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.) can inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria with the largest inhibition zone diameter achieved by a concentration of 15,000 µg/ml

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROVISION OF COMPLETE BASIC IMMUNIZATION AND THE INCIDENCE OF ISPA DISEASE IN TODDLERS

Yeviza Puspitasari; Yustina Oktarida; Toto Harto, Anggun Wandela — Wed, 10 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Acute respiratory infections are very easily transmitted through droplets coming out of the lives and mouths of people with ARI or through direct contact, namely by contamination of hands or respiratory aerosols in close infectious distance. Handling ARI, if not handled properly, even if it is late, can attack the lungs and result in death in children. One of the risk factors for ARI in terms of individual factors is immunization status. Toddlers with complete immunization are expected to not become severe if they get ARI, the disease that is being suffered by the toddler. This study used a cross-sectional analytic survey method. All research variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable, were observed at the same time. Sampling used the total population. This study involved 139 respondents. The research was conducted at PMB Ririn Sevda Korini, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. The statistical test results showed that there was a significant relationship between the provision of complete basic immunization and the incidence of ARI disease (p value = 0.001). It is hoped that the families of people with ARI and the community will participate in overcoming ARI disease in toddlers, including in providing complete immunization, but immunization alone cannot prevent the entry of disease seeds; therefore, parents must pay attention to their children because toddlers are an age prone to disease and infection.

BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF INTERLEUKIN-6

Desi Oktariana — Wed, 24 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has important role as pro-inflammatory cytokine. Study of the molecular characteristic is needed before conducting further research, thus can provide insight and understanding regarding the properties and characteristics of IL-6. Therefore, this study aims to provide comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of IL-6 at biomolecular level. Method: Bioinformatic analysis of IL-6 was obtained from several websites that can be accessed freely on internet, such as NCBI, PSIPRED, PROTPARAM, TMHMM, PROTSCALE, PEPTIDECUTTER, PROSITE, NETNGLYC, TARGETP, SIGNALP, and Swissmodel. Result: Human IL-6 gene is located on chromosome 7p15.3. The IL-6 protein is 212amino acids (aa) long, secondary structure is mostly in helical-shaped amino acid form. The protein is unstable, with half time 30 hours. Most of the IL-6 protein is located outside the cell membrane. It has glycosylation site at the 73 and 172 amino acid positions, with domain motif at positions 101-126. The prediction of the target location is mostly in the signal peptide pathway. Predicted cleavage site is between position 27 and 28 of amino acid. Conclusion: bioinformatics analysis is very useful in determining the molecular characteristics of IL-6.

A A CHRONIC IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA (ITP) PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE ABSCESSES

Kenneth Martino Djajapranata; Merlyna Savitri — Thu, 29 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) is a medical condition characterized by a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood due to the body's immune system attacking the platelets. Chronic ITP sufferers can experience various complications, one of which is multiple abscesses. Multiple abscesses are a medical condition characterized by a collection of pus in the body tissue which can occur in various organs. The reported case is a patient with chronic ITP with multiple abscesses. Sufferers experience symptoms of fever, pain in the part of the body affected by the abscess, and a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. The diagnosis is made through physical examination, blood tests and radiological examinations. Treatment given to sufferers includes giving antibiotics to treat infections that occur, giving drugs to increase the number of platelets in the blood, and drainage procedures to remove pus from the abscess. Sufferers also need to undergo long-term treatment to control their chronic ITP condition. This case shows that chronic ITP sufferers can experience complications in the form of multiple abscesses which require appropriate and immediate treatment. Prevention of infection and control of the chronic condition of ITP are very important in reducing the risk of complications in sufferers .

The EFFECT OF CORN SILK EXTRACT (Zea Mays Saccharate Sturt) ON GINGIVAL FIBROBLAST WOUND HEALING OF WISTAR RATS

Sulistiawati; Ifadah, Ulfa Yasmin, Dwi Dayanti Agustina, Mellani Cindera Negara — Thu, 29 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Gingiva is a keratinized epithelium that serves as the supporting structure for underlying tissues that tend to be injured during dental procedures. Corn silk contains secondary metabolite substances such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that can increase fibroblast levels during wound healing. This study proves that the administration of corn silk extract can increase the number of fibroblasts in gingival wound healing of Wistar rats. This study was an experimental laboratory research with a post-test-only control group design. The sample in this study used 20 male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups. Gingival wounds were performed on the mandibular gingival using a punch biopsy with a diameter of 2 mm. The wound was smeared with corn silk extract gel at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and aquadest twice a day for 7 days. Euthanasia was delivered on the 8th day after treatment, and histological preparation was performed. The number of fibroblasts was calculated using the Olympus software and analyzed statistically. The results showed that the corn silk extract significantly improved the number of fibroblasts compared with the control group. The highest number of fibroblasts was found in the corn silk extract treatment group at a concentration of 25% (34,47) compared with concentrations of 50% (23,87), 75% (20,93), and aquadest (18,80). It could be concluded that the administration of corn silk can increase the number of fibroblasts in gingival wound healing of Wistar rats

RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF MOTHERS TOWARDS GIVING BOOSTER IMMUNIZATIONS TO TODDLERS

Muhammad Hasan Azhari; Siska Delvia — Mon, 15 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The direction of health development currently emphasizes promotive and preventive efforts without leaving out curative and rehabilitative aspects. Every child has the right to obtain basic immunization in accordance with the provisions. Immunization is carried out to prevent the occurrence of diseases that can be prevented by immunization. UNICEF supports government efforts to restore children's access to essential health services and to address the decline in routine immunization rates. The COVID-19 pandemic is the main cause of the decline in child immunization in Indonesia, causing supply chain disruptions and reducing the availability of health workers. This study used an analytic survey method with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples in the study was 62. The research instrument used in collecting data was a questionnaire sheet. The results showed that out of 62 respondents with good knowledge and booster immunization, as many as 50 respondents (91%) did not do booster immunization, as many as 5 respondents (9%). Respondents with poor knowledge but who immunized included as many as 5 respondents (71%), and those who did not do booster immunization were 2 respondents (29%). Maternal attitudes of 62 respondents who had a positive attitude toward booster immunization were 50 respondents (100%). Negative maternal attitudes about booster immunization but still perform booster immunization as many as 5 respondents (42%), and do not perform booster immunization as many as 7 respondents (58%). From the statistical test results obtained, there is a significant relationship between knowledge of booster immunization in toddlers (p value = 0.000) and maternal attitudes towards booster immunization in toddlers (p value = 0.000). Maternal knowledge is very important in providing booster immunization. Without good knowledge, the mother will not necessarily understand the importance of booster immunization. Likewise with attitude; if the mother's attitude is positive, it will be better for booster immunization status. One of the factors that influences maternal attitudes is personal experience. This personal experience can create strong assumptions and have a direct influence on one's attitude.

KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS ABOUT NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN BETEL LEAF DECOCTION ON THE INCIDENCE OF VAGINAL DISCHARGE

Eichi Septiani; Toto Harto — Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Vaginal discharge is one of the problems that is still a problem for most women. Symptoms of vaginal discharge are most often found in gynecological patients; this symptom is known by the patient because of the presence of secret soiling in her pants. Betel leaf decoction can be used to wash the vagina in order to reduce vaginal discharge. The content of betel leaves is essential oil. The content contained in essential oils, one of which is the eugenol compound,. This study used a cross-sectional analytic survey method. The sample in this study were 88 students in the D-III Midwifery study program. Data analysis used in this study is univariate analysis, which describes the dependent variable and the independent variable in order to obtain a description or characteristic of the sample by making a frequency distribution table, and bivariate analysis is used for two variables that are suspected to be related or correlated. The results of the study were obtained from 88 respondents who experienced vaginal discharge, as many as 57 respondents with good knowledge (89.1%), while those who did not experience vaginal discharge were 14 respondents with poor knowledge (58.3%). The results of the Chi-Square statistical test showed that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge of college students about non-pharmacological therapy and the effectiveness of green betel leaf decoction against vaginal discharge, with a p value of 0.02. It is recommended that further research examine the extent of the effectiveness of betel leaf decoction water in treating vaginal discharge.

D-DIMER AS A PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY PROGNOSIS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS

Dewie Suranti ; Rico Januar Sitorus , Iche Andriyani Liberty — Sat, 20 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Corona Virus Disease 19 or Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus officially named SARS-CoV-2. In December 2019, an outbreak of the COVID-19 disease was first discovered in Wuhan City of China's Hube Province and spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic. COVID-related deaths are largely associated with hypercoagulability and an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE), leading to thrombotic inflammation in severe conditions.The literature review writing approach used is Systematic Literature Review ( SLR ) with the PRISMA method without meta-analysis. This literature review is carried out to obtain relevant information by searching articles on online databases derived from Scopus. The keywords used for searching related articles are d-dimer, Covid-19, and mortality .Based on the literature study conducted, there are 6 articles that support the discovery of D-Dimer as a predictor of the death of COVID-19 hospitalized patients.The cut off of D-Dimer levels used in each study varied according to the characteristics of the study patients.